Physiotherapy Management To Improve Lung Function In Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT  

Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a dangerous consequence that frequently causes severe metabolic abnormalities, respiratory distress, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Physiotherapy is essential for treating the respiratory and functional deficits linked to DKA, even if medical care is also crucial. The objective of this case study is to demonstrate the significance and efficacy of physical therapy treatments in enhancing lung function and the patient's overall recuperation in cases of DKA.

Case: A male patient, age 22, who had a history of type 1 diabetes, came in with chronic coughing, dyspnoea, and widespread weakness. DKA was verified by clinical and radiological evidence, and two days after admission, physiotherapy was started. Breathing exercises, airway clearance procedures, gradual ambulation, and endurance training were all part of the patient's organised rehabilitation program.

Intervention & Results: From an initial SpO? of 92% to 99–100%, the physiotherapy routine resulted in significant improvements in respiratory parameters, chest expansion, and oxygen saturation levels. The patient showed increased muscular strength, endurance, and functional ability as they moved from restricted mobility to independent ambulation.

Conclusion: In patients with DKA, early physiotherapy intervention greatly improves respiratory function, avoids complications, and speeds up functional recovery. For the best patient results, this instance emphasises the need for an integrated multidisciplinary strategy that combines medical and physiotherapy care.

Keywords: Diabetic ketoacidosis, respiration, Respiratory physiotherapy.